[Frequency and severity of domestic violence in pregnant women]

Domestic violence can place mother and fetus at risk. This issue can be prevented through education and basic knowledge. This study carried out to determine the frequency and severity of domestic violence in pregnant women referred to health centers in Arak, Iran. This cross-sectional descriptive study was done on 400 pregnant women referring in health centers in Arak North-West of Iran during 2009. This research was implemented through questionnaires including the demographic chracteristic aspects of physical violence, emotional, verbal and financial severity and the factors effected violence on pregnant women. Data was analyzed using Chi-Square, one way ANOVA and Tukey tests. The overall prevalence of violence during pregnancy was 34.5%. For this rate, 56%, 48%, 23% and 11% were emotional violence, verbal, financial and physical violences, respectively. Marrige age [P<0.035], partnership lenght [P<0.018], family history of marriage [P<0.001], education [P<0.001], occupation of woman and husband [P<0.001] with the outbreak of violence during pregnancy were significantly associated. This study indicated that the frequency of domestic violence in pregnant women is high, therefore it is sugested women clinic to be established to protect pregnant women suffering from domestic violence during pregnancy

[ effect of educational program based on health belief model [HBM] on preventive behavior of self-medication in woman with pregnancy in Arak, Iran]

Self-medication is one of the most serious health problems inducing many problems for society and people. This occurs more in women, because this group may be in sensitive periods, for example pregnancy and milking, therefore, birth abnormal neonatal situations may cause many social and familial problems. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of educational program based on Health Belief Model [HBM] on preventive behavior of selfmedication in woman with pregnancy in Arak, Iran. In this quasi-experimental study two hundred women with pregnancy, and referring to health centers participated. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental and control groups [each group consisting 100 women]. Sampling was done with clustering based on mailing address in the city. Data collection was performed with a questionnaire based on HBM [perceived susceptibility, severity, barrier and benefit, and cues to action and performance checklist about selfmedication was used in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational program. Before intervention, data collection for both groups was conducted upon a questionnaire and checklist. Then, intervention was done in 1 month consisting of 4 sessions, each 50 minutes post intervention. 1 and 2 months after intervention, two follow up sessions were held, and 3 months after, data were recollected and analyzed. The average age of case and control groups were 29.2 +/- 4.7 and 27.1 +/- 3.8 years, respectively, and mean time of pregnancy was 7.2. +/- 4.6 weeks. The results indicated that the mean scores of knowledge, perceived susceptibility and performance about selfmedication was lower than average, while severity? barrier and benefit about self medication were in higher than average. The mean score of all HBM elements of experimental group changed significantly after the intervention and in comparison to the control group, and performance of women about selfmedication reduced [p<0/05]. The more the knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity and benefit are higher, the less will be the women performance about self medication. Findings of this research confirmed the effect on health education based on HBM [compared with educational traditional methods in control group health centers] on self medication in women with pregnancy. Therefore, proposed education based on this model is suggested to be performed in other health center for reducing this problem

[ effect of medical equipment maintenance management system implementation on Valie-Asr hospital costs situated in Arak 2006]

Medical equipment improvement and tremendous expenditure is allocated costs annually, so that optimum and proper maintenance management of equipment would have outstanding effects on health and treatment of medical training and research economies of the country. Present research was implemented aiming to examine effect of the medical equipment maintenance management systems on the hospital setting expenditures. In an interventional research, the model of medical equipment maintenance management system implemented in Imam Khomeini Hospital was examined precisely and based on appropriate software for Vali-e-Asr Hospital was designed. According to the model for all available medical instruments in Vali-e-Asr Hospital with usage of more than 5 years [240 medical equipment]; all costs were recorded in 2006 and compared with previous year [2005]. There wasn't any training for medical equipment operators and for its implementation necessity on 21.7% of equipment in the installation and start up phase with for 83.7% of equipments the operator was not fixed using of medical equipment maintenance management system, the repair events decreased from 78 events in 2005 to 58 events in 2006. Vali-e-Asr hospital recorded costs for maintenance and repair of medical equipment in 2006 was 801765375 Rials [Iran] which decreased to 513212912 Rials [Iran] according to accurate calculation of costs and auditing by medical equipment engineer and shows 36% saving in expenditures by medical equipment maintenance management system. Medical equipment computer-based maintenance, management system implementation and also using of medical engineers potentialities in hospital are necessary

[Effect of first aid educational program in health volunteers, rescue method during disasters in Arak]

Providing health not only is responsibility of governmental organizations but also is responsibility of community health volunteers help to health centers and try to promote people's knowledge and practice about their health. This study is conducted to determine knowledge and practice of the volunteers before and immediately after education and evaluated long-term education effects. This interventional [semi-experimental] study was carried out on 78 health communicators Arak with census method. In Arak axis education were included; check of vital signs and rescue method during disasters. Methods of education were lecture, smallgroup, problem solving, and practical training in Skin lab. Data were gathered with questionnaire and check list and were analyzed with Paired T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Data was analyzed using paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. There was a significant difference between mean of knowledge and practice scores before and immediately after training [p<0.001]. But the relationship between scores immediately after training and one year later, was not significant. It seems updated knowledge and practice of health volunteers change health behavior, promote knowledge and practice and decrease health care expenses

[ pattern of exclusive breast feeding in referred neonatal to health centers of Arak]

Access to exclusive Breast feeding up to 75% is one of the objectives to healthy people until 2010, Breast feeding advised as the best milk for suckling neonatal and there were expanded documents about protective effects of Breast feeding against different diseases. Determination of pattern of exclusive breast feeding and its associated factors in Arak. An analytical cross sectional study conducted on 352 mothers that have 6-12 month suckling neonatal. Data collection fulfilled by structured questionnaire and interview. The prevalence of exclusive Breast feeding calculated and association between dependent and independent variables analyzed by t-test, chi square and regression statistical tests in univariate and rnultivariate methods. Prevalence of exclusive breast feeding was 41.5%. nonuse and the most important factors of exclusive breast feeding indicated of solution of sugar and water, and mammalia nipple nonuse, breastfed base of neonatal appeal, wanted pregnancy, vaginal labor and multi parity identified as the related factors in exclusive breast feeding [P<0.05]. There was not any significant relationship with family income, use of colostrum, age, job, education and breastfed education during pregnancy period in mothers [P>0.05]. So initiation of Breast feeding after labor and of mothers with unwanted pregnancy and cesarean delivery advice. Also educational programs about disadvantage of solution of sugar and water and Mammalia nipple in pregnancy period and after discharge may be useful in exclusive breast feeding

Cerebral venous thrombosis in a patient with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis

Cerebral venous thrombosis [CVT] may occur at any age and may be idiopathic or secondary to various causes. It has been described in patients with multiple sclerosis [MS] as well. On the other hand, because of the variations of MS per presentations, coincidence of other neurological disorders in MS patients could be ignored. Therefore, more clinical and paraclinical evaluations should be considered in MS patients with any new atypical symptom. We report a rare case with symptoms and signs of inflammatory demyelinating disease as clinically isolated syndrome [CIS] suggestive of MS onset. This case developed CVT after lumbar puncture and during high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy